Important Dates:
The Government Paper II (Essay) exam is scheduled for Wednesday, 13th November 2024, from 2:00 PM – 4:00 PM. The Government Paper I (Objective) exam will follow from 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM. The exact timing will be confirmed by the National Examinations Council (NECO).
NECO Nov/Dec 2025 GCE Government (Objective & Essay) Questions and Answers
NECO GCE Government (Objective) Questions and Answers 2025
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NECO GCE Government (Essay) Questions and Answers 2025
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NECO GCE Government Essay (Theory) – Practice Notes 2025
The following practice notes are arranged to help students revise key topics in Government. They explain the concepts in clear language and are safe for study purposes.
(1) Advantages of a Multi-Party System
(i) Inclusive Representation
A multi-party system gives room for many political ideas and beliefs to be represented. This ensures that different groups and interests in society are carried along, reducing the chance of domination by one party.
(ii) Accountability through Opposition
With several parties in place, checks and balances are promoted. Opposition groups question government actions and demand accountability, helping to limit corruption and misuse of power.
(iii) Encourages Competition
Parties compete for public support by offering better programs and policies. This competition often leads to improved governance and more creative solutions to national problems.
(iv) Promotes Policy Debate
Multiple parties allow for open debates on policies. These discussions bring different perspectives together and lead to more balanced and informed decisions.
(v) More Options for Voters
Elections under a multi-party system give citizens a variety of choices. This increases participation and helps to strengthen democratic practices.
(2) Importance of a Constitution
(i) Protection of Rights and Freedoms
A constitution guarantees the rights of citizens and sets limits on government actions. This protects liberty and ensures equality.
(ii) Separation of Powers
It divides power among the executive, legislature, and judiciary. This prevents one organ of government from becoming too powerful.
(iii) Defines Government Structure
The constitution sets out the structure of government, explaining the functions and responsibilities of its institutions.
(iv) Guides Governance and Lawmaking
It provides rules for making, amending, and repealing laws. It also guides how elections are conducted and how officials are appointed.
(v) Safeguards Stability
Amendment procedures are usually strict to protect the constitution from frequent changes. This keeps governance stable and consistent.
(3) Duties of Legislators in a Democracy
(i) Representation of the People
Lawmakers speak for their constituents, listening to their concerns and advocating for their interests.
(ii) Law-Making Role
They draft and pass laws that address national issues like healthcare, education, and job creation.
(iii) Accountability to Citizens
Legislators must be open about their decisions and performance, keeping citizens informed and seeking their feedback.
(iv) Working with Others
They collaborate with fellow lawmakers, across party lines, to pass bills and resolve national issues.
(v) Community Involvement
Legislators also take part in community events, support local projects, and remain accessible to the people they represent.
(4) Benefits of Reducing State Control in Enterprises
(i) Greater Efficiency
When government reduces direct control of enterprises, private management usually brings better efficiency and higher productivity.
(ii) Encourages Competition
Allowing private sector involvement creates competition. This leads to better services, innovation, and reduced costs.
(iii) Attracts Investment
Reducing state ownership attracts investors, both local and foreign, which boosts economic growth.
(iv) Lowers Government Burden
It reduces the financial load on the government, allowing it to focus on essential public services.
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