WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks
WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 is a detailed roadmap designed to help candidates understand Different biology Topics: living organisms, their structures, functions, and interactions with the environment. Biology remains one of the most important science subjects in the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE), especially for students aspiring to study Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Biotechnology, Agriculture, and related science courses.
TABLE OF CONTENT(OVERVIEW)
1. WAEC Biology Examination Structure 2026/2027
2. Objective of the WAEC Biology Syllabus
3. WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 (Key Areas)
4. WAEC Biology Recommended Textbooks 2026/2027
5. Final Preparation Tips for WAEC Biology 2026/2027
Waec Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks
WAEC Biology Examination Structure 2026/2027
WAEC Biology is totally examined in three papers:
Paper 1 – Objective (Multiple Choice)
Paper 2 – Theory/Essay Questions
Paper 3 – Practical Biology
A major update for the 2026 WASSCE is that the objective (multiple-choice) paper is expected to be fully computer-based (CBT). This means students must not only understand Biology concepts but also become comfortable with computer-based testing.
To succeed, candidates are strongly advised to:
Study the official syllabus thoroughly
Practice WAEC past questions regularly
Pay close attention to practical experiments and diagrams
WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks Objective
The WAEC Biology syllabus is designed to test candidates’ ability to:
Demonstrate knowledge of the diversity, unity, and interdependence of living organisms
Explain the continuity of life through reproduction, inheritance, and evolution
Apply biological principles to everyday life, including health, agriculture, environmental management, and the economy
WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks (Key Areas)
Exams many times require a lot of preparation from first time candidates, especially while they are Preparing themselves for the topics to focus on, below shows how the syllabus is broadly divided into five major sections, each covering essential biological concepts.
1. Variety of Organisms
This section introduces candidates to:
Characteristics of living and non-living things
Cell structure and functions (plant and animal cells)
Levels of organization: cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
Classification of living organisms (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia)
Structural, functional, and behavioral adaptations
Students are expected to understand evolutionary trends and the economic importance of plants and animals.
2. Forms and Functions
This section focuses on how living organisms function internally. Topics include:
Internal structure of flowering plants and mammals
Nutrition in plants and animals (photosynthesis, digestion, balanced diet)
Transport systems (blood, xylem, phloem)
Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic)
Excretion and osmoregulation
Support and movement (skeleton, muscles, tropic movements)
Reproduction (asexual and sexual)
Growth, coordination, and control (nervous and hormonal systems)
Strong understanding of diagrams and processes is crucial here.
3. Ecology
Ecology examines how organisms interact with their environment. Key topics include:
Abiotic and biotic factors affecting distribution of organisms
Food chains, food webs, and energy flow
Nutrient cycles (carbon, water, nitrogen)
Nigerian biomes and natural habitats
Population ecology and ecological succession
Soil types, soil fertility, and conservation
Human impact on the environment, pollution, diseases, and conservation of natural resources
This section often features theory and essay questions in WAEC
4. Heredity and Variation
Candidates will study:
Continuous and discontinuous variation
Genetic inheritance and chromosomes
DNA structure and gene transmission
Blood groups and sex-linked traits
Applications of genetics in agriculture, medicine, and marriage counseling
Questions from this area test logical reasoning and basic genetic calculations.
5. Evolution
This section covers:
Theories of evolution (Lamarck, Darwin, modern theories)
Evidence of evolution (fossils, comparative anatomy, genetics)
Evolutionary trends in plants and animals
Understanding concepts rather than rote memorization is key.
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WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks
The WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks was compiled to help students know why WAEC advises candidates to study with approved textbooks, These are the including Textbooks:
Senior Secondary School Biology (Books 1–3) – F.O.C. Ndu et al. (Longman)
Essentials of Biology – S.A. Odunfa (Heinemann)
Biology for Senior Secondary Schools (Books 1–3) – Ogunniyi et al. (Macmillan)
Modern Biology – S.T. Ramalingam
Biology for West African Schools – Stone & Cozens
Handbook of Practical Biology – E.J. Usua
Using at least one theory textbook and a practical Biology handbook is highly recommended.
Final Preparation Tips for WAEC Biology Examination 2026/2027
The WAEC Biology Syllabus 2026/2027 & Recommended Textbooks, was initiated to help the students to harness and have a clue of what the subject matter is all about, in this regard, this post was prepared in order to help candidates prepare themselves and have a good grade after the exam.
Focus on diagrams, experiments, and definitions
Practice past WAEC Biology questions consistently
Prepare early for the CBT objective paper, You can do online CBT TEST BY VISITING http://Myschool.ng
Revise ecology and genetics thoroughly, they carry high marks
Do not neglect practical Biology
