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WAEC GCE 2025 Biology Practical Answers:
Wednesday, 26th November, 2025
Biology 3 (Alternative to Practical Work)
13:00 hrs. – 15:00 hrs.
WAEC BIOLOGY PRACTICAL ANSWERS [26th Nov, 2025]
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WAEC BIOLOGY THEORY ANSWERS [26th Nov, 2025]
*WAEC GCE BIOLOGY*
*NUMBER ONE*
(1a) A conditioned reflex is a learned response in which an originally neutral stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus and eventually produces a response on its own.
It is acquired through experience and training, unlike natural (innate) reflexes which are present at birth.
(1aii)
(i) Helps animals adapt to their environment by learning new responses.
(ii) Assists in survival by learning to avoid danger or harmful situations.
(iii) Enables animals to form habits that improve feeding, communication, and general behaviour.
(1b)
(i) Sensory neurones
(ii) Motor neurones
(iii) Relay (intermediate) neurones
(1c)
(i) Blinking of the eye
(ii) Knee-jerk reaction
(iii) Withdrawal of hand from a hot object
(iv) Pupil constriction in bright light
(1d) TABULATE
Hormonal coordination
(i) Generally slower, long lasting effects
(ii) Uses chemical messengers ( hormones ) carried by blood
(iii) Effects are widespread and diffuse
Nervous coordination
(i) Very rapid, short – lived effects
(ii) Uses electrical impulses via neurons
(iii) Effects are precise and localized
*WAEC-GCE-BIOLOGY*
(4ai)
Mutation plays a role in evolution by introducing genetic variation, providing new traits that can be acted upon by natural selection, potentially leading to the emergence of new species.
(4aii)
(i)Fossil record
(ii)Comparative anatomy
(iii)Molecular biology (e.g., DNA and protein sequence similarities)
(4bi)
under Two scientists:
(i)Charles Darwin
(ii)Alfred Russel Wallace
(4bii)
Under Famous theory of evolution:
Theory of Natural Selection (by Charles Darwin)
(4c)
(i) Spirogyra, Moss, Fern, Conifer, Maize
(ii) Tilapia, Toad, Lizard, Monkey, Human
*WAEC GCE BIOLOGY*
*NUMBER FIVE*
(5a)
Courtship behaviour is the set of actions or displays carried out by animals to attract a mate and prepare for reproduction. These behaviours increase the likelihood of successful mating and often involve visual displays, vocalizations, or chemical signals.
(5aii)
(i) elaborate dances
(ii) vocalizations
(iii) physical contests.
(5bi)
[TABULATE]
=Complete metamorphosis=
(i) Involves four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
(ii) The larval stage looks completely different from the adult
=Incomplete metamorphosis=
(i) Involves three stages: egg, nymph, and adult
(ii) The nymph stage resembles a smaller, wingless version of the adult.
(5bii)
(i) Complete metamorphosis: Butterflies and beetles
(ii) Incomplete metamorphosis: Grasshoppers and cockroaches
(5ci)
(a) Food
(b) Water
(c) Shelter/Space
(d) Mates
(5cii)
(a) Atmospheric carbon dioxide
(b) Respiration of organisms
(c) Decomposition of organic matter
(d) Combustion of fossil fuels
(5d)
[TABULATE]
=THREE AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES=
(i) Deforestation
(ii) Excessive use of fertilizers
(iii) Overgrazing
=TWO ADVERSE EFFECTS EACH OF THE AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY ON THE ECOSYSTEM=
(i) (a) Habitat loss
(b) Soil erosion
(ii) (a) Eutrophication of water bodies
(b) Soil acidification
(iii) (a) Desertification
(b) Loss of vegetation cover
(5e)
(i) Nutrient and oxygen supply to the fetus
(ii) Waste removal from the fetus
